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Heat olive oil in a soup pot and saute onion, carrot, celery and parsley for about 10 minutes until the vegetables are tender. Add half the minced garlic and stir into the vegetable mixture. Cook for about a minute until the garlic begins to smell fragrant.
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Add tomatoes to the soup and cook for 5 to 10 minutes.
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Stir the chopped cabbage into the soup and then add drained beans, 8 C. water, Parmesan rind and bay leaf. Bring the soup to a boil and then lower heat to a simmer. Cook, partially covered, for about an hour. The beans should be almost tender at this point.
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Add the remaining minced garlic and salt to your taste. Stir and cook for another 30 minutes to an hour. Your soup will be done when the beans are thoroughly tender and creamy.
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Adjust seasonings. Remove the bay leaf and the Parmesan rind.
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Boil pasta in a separate pot of boiling water until the pasta is al dente. Drain.
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Ladle hot soup into serving bowls. Stir in some of the cooked pasta. Garnish with chopped parsley and a generous sprinkling of grated Parmesan.